1.希腊字母

小写符号语法大写符号语法异体符号语法
αα\alphaAA\Alpha
ββ\betaBB\Beta
γγ\gammaΓΓ\Gammaϝ\digamma\digamma
δδ\deltaΔΔ\Delta
ϵϵ\epsilonEE\Epsilonεε\varepsilon
ζζ\zetaZZ\Zeta
ηη\etaHH\Eta
θθ\thetaΘΘ\Thetaϑϑ\vartheta
ιι\iotaII\Iota
κ\kappa\kappaKK\Kappaϰ\varkappa\varkappa
λλ\lambdaΛΛ\Lambda
μμ\muMM\Mu
νν\nuNN\Nu
ξξ\xiΞΞ\Xi
οο\omicronOO\Omicron
ππ\piΠΠ\Piϖϖ\varpi
ρρ\rhoPP\Rhoϱϱ\varrho
σσ\sigmaΣΣ\Sigmaςς\varsigma
ττ\tauTT\Tau
υυ\upsilonΥΥ\Upsilon
ϕϕ\phiΦΦ\Phiφφ\varphi
χχ\chiXX\Chi
ψψ\psiΨΨ\Psi
ωω\omegaΩΩ\Omega

2.希伯来字母

小写符号语法
ℵ\aleph\aleph
ℶ\beth\beth
ℷ\gimel\gimel
ℸ\daleth\daleth

3.运算符

符号语法更多符号语法更多符号语法更多
+++−--◃\triangleleft\triangleleft
±\pm\pm∓\mp\mp▹\triangleright\triangleright
⋅\cdot\cdot÷\div\div⋆\star\star
×\times\times∖\setminus\setminus∗\ast\ast
∪\cup\cup∩\cap\cap∘\circ\circ
⊔\sqcup\sqcup⊓\sqcap\sqcap∙\bullet\bullet\land
∨\vee\vee\lor∧\wedge\wedge\land⋄\diamond\diamond
⊕\oplus\oplus⊖\ominus\ominus⊎\uplus\uplus
⊙\odot\odot⊘\oslash\oslash⨿\amalg\amalg
⊗\otimes\otimes◯\bigcirc\bigcirc†\dagger\dagger
△\bigtriangleup\bigtriangleup▽\bigtriangledown\bigtriangledown‡\ddagger\ddagger
⊲\lhd\lhd⊳\rhd\rhd≀\wr\wr
⊴\unlhd\unlhd⊵\unrhd\unrhd∔\dotplus
x\sqrt{x}\sqrt{x}xn\sqrt[n]{x}\sqrt[n]{x}⋇\divideontimes

4.大尺寸运算符

运算符语法运算符语法运算符语法
∑∑\sum∏∏\prod∫∫\int
⋃⋃\bigcup⋂⋂\bigcap∬∬\iint
⋁⋁\bigvee⋀⋀\bigwedge∭\iiint\iiint
∐∐\coprod⨆⨆\bigsqcup∮\oint\oint
∯∯\oiint∰∰\oiiint⨄\biguplus\biguplus
⨁\bigoplus\bigoplus⨂\bigotimes\bigotimes⨀\bigodot\bigodot

5.二元关系

符号语法更多符号语法更多符号语法更多
<<<>>>===
≤≤\leq\le≥≥\geq\ge≡≡\equiv
≪≪\ll≫≫\gg≐\doteq\doteq
≺\prec\prec≻\succ\succ∼\sim\sim
⪯\preceq\preceq⪰\succeq\succeq≃\simeq\simeq
⊂⊂\subset⊃⊃\supset≈≈\approx
⊆⊆\subseteq⊇⊇\supseteq≅\cong\cong
⊏\sqsubset\sqsubset⊐\sqsupset\sqsupset⋈\Join\Join
⊑\sqsubseteq\sqsubseteq⊒\sqsupseteq\sqsupseteq⋈\bowtie\bowtie
∈∈\in∋∋\ni\owns∝\propto
⊢⊢\vdash⊣⊣\dashv⊨⊨\models
∣∣\mid∥\parallel\parallel⊥\perp\perp
⌣\smile\smile⌢\frown\frown≍\asymp\asymp
∉∉\notin≁≁\nsim≠\neq\nsim\ne
⊊\subsetneq⊋\supsetneq:::

6.箭头与括号

符号语法更多符号语法更多符号语法
←\leftarrow\leftarrow\gets⟵\longleftarrow\longleftarrow↑\uparrow\uparrow
→\to\rightarrow\to⟶\longrightarrow\longrightarrow↓\downarrow\downarrow
↔\leftrightarrow\leftrightarrow⟷\longleftrightarrow\longleftrightarrow↕\updownarrow\updownarrow
⇐\Leftarrow\Leftarrow⟸\Longleftarrow\Longleftarrow⇑\Uparrow\Uparrow
⇒\Rightarrow\Rightarrow⟹\Longrightarrow\Longrightarrow⇓\Downarrow\Downarrow
⇔\Leftrightarrow\Leftrightarrow⟺\Longleftrightarrow\Longleftrightarrow⇕\Updownarrow\Updownarrow
↦\mapsto\mapsto⟼\longmapsto\longmapsto↗\nearrow\nearrow
↩\hookleftarrow\hookleftarrow↪\hookrightarrow\hookrightarrow↘\searrow\searrow
↼\leftharpoonup\leftharpoonup⇀\rightharpoonup\rightharpoonup↙\swarrow\swarrow
↽\leftharpoondown\leftharpoondown⇁\rightharpoondown\rightharpoondown↖\nwarrow\nwarrow
⇌\rightleftharpoons\rightleftharpoons  ⟺  \iff\iff⇝\leadsto\leadsto
((()))∣\vert\vert
[\lbrack[\lbrack\]]\rbarck∥\Vert\Vert
{\{\{\lbrace}\}\rbrace///
⟨\langle\langle⟩\rangle\lrangle\\backslash\backslash
⌊\lfloor\lfloor⌋\rfloor\rfloor...
⌈\lceil\lceil⌉\rceil\rceil\arrowvert\arrowvert
⟮\lgroup\lgroup⟯\rgroup\rgroup\Arrowvert\Arrowvert
⎰\lmoustache\lmoustache⎱\rmoustache\rmoustache\bracevert\bracevert

7.杂项符号

符号语法符号语法符号语法符号语法
…\dots\dots⋯\cdots\cdots⋮\vdots\vdots⋱\ddots\ddots
ℏ\hbar\hbarı\imath\imathȷ\jmath\jmathℓ\ell\ell
ℜ\Re\Reℑ\Im\Im℘\wp\wp∀\forall\forall
∃\exists\exists℧\mho\mho∂\partial\partial′''
′\prime\prime∅\emptyset\emptyset∞\infty\infty∇\nabla\nabla
△\triangle\triangle□\Box\Box◊\Diamond\Diamond⊥\bot\bot
⊤\top\top∠\angle\angle√\surd\surd♢\diamondsuit\diamondsuit
♡\heartsuit\heartsuit♣\clubsuit\clubsuit♠\spadesuit\spadesuit¬\neg\neg
♭\flat\flat♮\natural\natural♯\sharp\sharp¬\lnot\lnot
⅁\Game\Game%\%\%

8.非数学符号

符号语法符号语法符号语法
†\dagger\dagger§\S\S©\copyright$\copyright$
‡\ddagger\ddagger\P\P£\pounds\pounds

9.AMS定界符

符号语法符号语法符号语法符号语法
┌┌\ulcorner┐┐\urcorner└└\llcorner┘┘\lrcorner
∣∣\lvert∣∣\rvert∥\lVert\lVert∥\rVert\rVert

10.AMS希腊和希伯来字母

符号语法符号语法符号语法符号语法
ϝϝ\digammaϰ\varkappa\varkappaℶℶ\bethℷℷ\gimel

11.AMS二元关系符

符号语法符号语法符号语法
⋖\lessdot\lessdot⋗\gtrdot\gtrdot≑≑\doteqdot, \Doteq
⩽⩽\leqslant⩾⩾\geqslant≓≓\risingdotseq
⪕⪕\eqslantless⪖⪖\eqslantgtr≒≒\fallingdotseq
≦≦\leqq≧≧\geqq≖≖\eqcirc
⋘⋘\lll, \llless⋙⋙\ggg, \gggtr≗≗\circeq
≲≲\lesssim≳≳\gtrsim≜≜\triangleq
⪅⪅\lessapprox⪆⪆\gtrapprox≏≏\bumpeq
≶≶\lessgtr≷≷\gtrless≎≎\Bumpeq
⋚⋚\lesseqgtr⋛⋛\gtreqless∼∼\thicksim
⪋⪋\lesseqqgtr⪌⪌\gtreqqless≈≈\thickapprox
≼≼\preccurlyeq≽≽\succcurlyeq≊≊\approxeq
⋞⋞\curlyeqprec⋟⋟\curlyeqsucc∽∽\backsim
≾≾\precsim≿≿\succsim⋍⋍\backsimeq
⪷⪷\precapprox⪸⪸\succapprox⊨⊨\vDash
⫅⫅\subseteqq⫆⫆\supseteqq⊩⊩\Vdash
⋐⋐\Subset⋑⋑\Supset⊪⊪\Vvdash
⊏⊏\sqsubset⊐⊐\sqsupset∍\backepsilon\backepsilon
∴∴\therefore∵∵\because∝∝\varpropto
∣∣\shortmid∥\shortparallel\shortparallel≬≬\between
⌣⌣\smallsmile⌢⌢\smallfrown⋔⋔\pitchfork
⊲\vartriangleleft\vartriangleleft⊳\vartriangleright\vartriangleright◀\blacktriangleleft\blacktriangleleft
⊴\trianglelefteq\trianglelefteq⊵\trianglerighteq\trianglerighteq▶\blacktriangleright\blacktriangleright

12.AMS箭头

符号语法符号语法符号语法
⇠⇠\dashleftarrow⇢⇢\dashrightarrow⊸⊸\multimap
⇇⇇\leftleftarrows⇉⇉\rightrightarrows⇈⇈\upuparrows
⇆⇆\leftrightarrows⇄⇄\rightleftarrows⇊⇊\downdownarrows
⇚⇚\Lleftarrow⇛⇛\Rrightarrow↿↿\upharpoonleft
↞↞\twoheadleftarrow↠↠\twoheadrightarrow↾↾\upharpoonright
↢↢\leftarrowtail↣↣\rightarrowtail⇃⇃\downharpoonleft
⇋⇋\leftrightharpoons⇌⇌\rightleftharpoons⇂⇂\downharpoonright
↰↰\Lsh↱↱\Rsh⇝⇝\rightsquigarrow
↫↫\looparrowleft↬↬\looparrowright↭↭\leftrightsquigarrow
↶↶\curvearrowleft↷↷\curvearrowright

13.AMS二元否定关系符和箭头

符号语法符号语法符号语法
≮≮\nless≯≯\ngtr⫋\varsubsetneqq\varsubsetneqq
⪇⪇\lneq⪈⪈\gneq⫌\varsupsetneqq\varsupsetneqq
≰≰\nleq≱≱\ngeq⊈\nsubseteqq\nsubseteqq
≰\nleqslant\nleqslant≱\ngeqslant\ngeqslant⊉\nsupseteqq\nsupseteqq
≨≨\lneqq≩≩\gneqq∤∤\nmid
≨\lvertneqq\lvertneqq≩\gvertneqq\gvertneqq∦∦\nparallel
≰\nleqq\nleqq≱\ngeqq\ngeqq∤\nshortmid\nshortmid
⋦⋦\lnsim⋧⋧\gnsim∦\nshortparallel\nshortparallel
⪉⪉\lnapprox⪊⪊\gnapprox≁≁\nsim
⊀⊀\nprec⊁⊁\nsucc≆≆\ncong
⋠⋠\npreceq⋡⋡\nsucceq⊬⊬\nvdash
⪵⪵\precneqq⪶⪶\succneqq⊭⊭\nvDash
⋨⋨\precnsim⋩⋩\succnsim⊮⊮\nVdash
⪹⪹\precnapprox⪺⪺\succnapprox⊯⊯\nVDash
⊊⊊\subsetneq⊋⊋\supsetneq⋪\ntriangleleft\ntriangleleft
⊊\varsubsetneq\varsubsetneq⊋\varsupsetneq\varsupsetneq⋫\ntriangleright\ntriangleright
⊈⊈\nsubseteq⊉⊉\nsupseteq⋬⋬\ntrianglelefteq
↚↚\nleftarrow↛↛\nrightarrow↮↮\nleftrightarrow
⇍⇍\nLeftarrow⇏⇏\nRightarrow⇎⇎\nLeftrightarrow

14.AMS二元运算符

符号语法符号语法符号语法
∔∔\dotplus⋅⋅\centerdot⊺⊺\intercal
⋉⋉\ltimes⋊⋊\rtimes⋇⋇\divideontimes
⋓⋓\Cup, \doublecup⋒⋒\Cap, \doublecap∖∖\smallsetminus
⊻⊻\veebar⊼⊼\barwedge⩞⩞\doublebarwedge
⊞⊞\boxplus⊟⊟\boxminus⊝⊝\circleddash
⊠⊠\boxtimes⊡⊡\boxdot⊚⊚\circledcirc
⋋⋋\leftthreetimes⋌⋌\rightthreetimes⊛⊛\circledast
⋎⋎\curlyvee⋏⋏\curlywedge

15.AMS其它符号

符号语法符号语法符号语法
ℏ\hbar\hslashℏℏ\hslashk\Bbbk\Bbbk
□\square\square■\blacksquare\blacksquareⓈ\circledS\circledS
△\vartriangle\vartriangle▲\blacktriangle\blacktriangle∁∁\complement
▽\triangledown\triangledown▼\blacktriangledown\blacktriangledown⅁⅁\Game
◊\lozenge\lozenge⧫\blacklozenge\blacklozenge★\bigstar\bigstar
∠∠\angle∡∡\measuredangle∢∢\sphericalangle
╱\diagup\diagup╲\diagdown\diagdown‵\backprime\backprime
∄\nexists\nexistsℲℲ\Finv∅\varnothing\varnothing
ðð\eth℧\mho\mho

16.标准函数

符号语法符号语法
exp⁡ab=ab\exp_a b = a^b\exp_a b = a^bexp⁡b=eb\exp b = e^b\exp b = e^b
10m10^m10^mln⁡c\ln c\ln c
lg⁡d=log⁡10d\lg d = \log_{10} d\lg d = \log_{10} dlog⁡10f\log_{10} f\log_{10} f
sin⁡a\sin a\sin acos⁡b\cos b\cos b
tan⁡c\tan c\tan ccot⁡d\cot d\cot d
sec⁡e\sec e\sec ecsc⁡f\csc f\csc f
arcsin⁡a\arcsin a\arcsin aarccos⁡b\arccos b\arccos b
arctan⁡c\arctan c\arctan carccot⁡d\operatorname{arccot}d\operatorname{arccot}d
arcsec⁡e\operatorname{arcsec} e\operatorname{arcsec} earccsc⁡f\operatorname{arccsc} f\operatorname{arccsc} f
sinh⁡a\sinh a\sinh acosh⁡b\cosh b\cosh b
tanh⁡c\tanh c\tanh ccoth⁡d\coth d\coth d
cosec⁡\operatorname{cosec}\cosecarctg⁡\operatorname{arctg}\operatorname{arctg}
cotg⁡\operatorname{cotg}\cotgarcctg⁡\operatorname{arcctg}\operatorname{arcctg}
ctg⁡\operatorname{ctg}\ctgcth⁡\operatorname{cth}\operatorname{cth}
sh⁡k\operatorname{sh}k\operatorname{sh}kch⁡l\operatorname{ch}l\operatorname{ch}l
th⁡m\operatorname{th}m\operatorname{th}mcoth⁡n\operatorname{coth}n\operatorname{coth}n
argsh⁡o\operatorname{argsh}o\operatorname{argsh}oargch⁡p\operatorname{argch}p\operatorname{argch}p
argth⁡q\operatorname{argth}q\operatorname{argth}qsgn⁡r\operatorname{sgn}r\operatorname{sgn}r
∣s∣\left\vert s \right\vert\left\vert s \right\vertmin⁡(x,y)\min(x,y)\min(x,y)
max⁡(x,y)\max(x,y)\max(x,y)f⁡\operatorname{f}\operatorname{f}
f⁡\operatorname*{f}\operatorname*{f}

17.极限

符号语法符号语法
min⁡x\min x\min xker⁡ϕ\ker\phi\ker\phi
max⁡y\max y\max yarg⁡max⁡\arg\max\arg\max
inf⁡s\inf s\inf sinj lim⁡\injlim\injlim
sup⁡t\sup t\sup tlim→⁡\varinjlim\varinjlim
lim⁡u\lim u\lim uarg⁡min⁡\arg\min\arg\min
lim inf⁡v\liminf v\liminf vplim⁡\operatorname{plim}\operatorname{plim}
lim sup⁡w\limsup w\limsup wlim‾⁡\varliminf\varliminf
dim⁡p\dim p\dim plim‾⁡\varlimsup\varlimsup
deg⁡q\deg q\deg qproj lim⁡\projlim\projlim
det⁡m\det m\det mlim←⁡\varprojlim\varprojlim

18.投射

符号语法符号语法
pr⁡j\operatorname{pr} j\operatorname{Pr} jhom⁡l\hom l\hom l
∥z∥\lVert z \rVert\lVert z \rVertarg⁡z\arg z\arg z

19.微分与导数

符号语法符号语法
dtdtdtdt\mathrm{d}t\mathrm{d}t
∂t\partial t\partial t∇ψ\nabla\psi\nabla\psi
dy/dxdy/dxdy/dxdy/dx\mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}x
dydx\frac{dy}{dx}\frac{dy}{dx}dydx\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}
∂2∂x1∂x2y\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_1\partial x_2}y\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_1\partial x_2}y′\prime\prime
‵\backprime\backprimef′f^\primef^\prime
f′f'f'f′′f''f''
f(3)f^{(3)}f^{(3)}y˙\dot y\dot y
y¨\ddot y\ddot y

20.模运算

符号语法符号语法
sk≡0(modm)s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}a mod ba \bmod ba \bmod b
gcd⁡(m,n)\gcd(m, n)\gcd(m, n)lcm⁡(m,n)\operatorname{lcm}(m, n)\operatorname{lcm}(m, n)
∣\mid\mid∤\nmid\nmid
∣\shortmid\shortmid∤\nshortmid\nshortmid

21.根号

符号语法符号语法
√\surd\surd2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2}
n\sqrt[n]{}\sqrt[n]{}x3+y323\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3+y^3}{2}}\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3+y^3}{2}}

22.上标下标及积分

符号语法符号语法
a2a^2a^2a2a_2a_2
a2+2a^{2+2}a^{2+2}ai,ja_{i,j}a_{i,j}
x23x_2^3x_2^312 ⁣X34{}_1^2\!X_3^4{}_1^2\!X_3^4
x12=x1×x1{x_1}^2=x_1 \times x_1{x_1}^2=x_1 \times x_1x′x'x'
x′x^\primex^\primex′x\primex\prime
∫\intop\intop∫\smallint\smallint
x˙\dot{x}\dot{x}y¨\ddot{y}\ddot{y}
c⃗\vec{c}\vec{c}ab←\overleftarrow{a b}\overleftarrow{a b}
cd→\overrightarrow{c d}\overrightarrow{c d}ab↔\overleftrightarrow{a b}\overleftrightarrow{a b}
efg^\widehat{e f g}\widehat{e f g}AB⌢\overset{\frown}{AB}\overset{\frown}{AB}
hij‾\overline{h i j}\overline{h i j}klm‾\underline{k l m}\underline{k l m}
1+2+⋯+100⏞\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}1+2+⋯+100⏞5050\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }^{5050}\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }^{5050}
a+b+⋯+z⏟\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}a+b+⋯+z⏟26\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }_{26}\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }_{26}
∑k=1Nk2\sum_{k=1}^N k^2\sum_{k=1}^N k^2∑k=1Nk2\begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix}
∏i=1Nxi\prod_{i=1}^N x_i\prod_{i=1}^N x_i∏i=1Nxi\begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}
∐i=1Nxi\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i∐i=1Nxi\begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}
lim⁡n→∞xn\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n\lim_{n \to \infty}x_nlim⁡n→∞xn\begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n \end{matrix}
∫−NNex dx\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, \mathrm{d}x\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, \mathrm{d}x∫−NNex dx\begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, \mathrm{d}x \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, \mathrm{d}x \end{matrix}
∬DW dx dy\iint_{D}^{W} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\iint_{D}^{W} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y∭EV dx dy dz\iiint_{E}^{V} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\,\mathrm{d}z\iiint_{E}^{V} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\,\mathrm{d}z
∮Cx3 dx+4y2 dy\oint_{C} x^3\, \mathrm{d}x + 4y^2\, \mathrm{d}y\oint_{C} x^3\, \mathrm{d}x + 4y^2\, \mathrm{d}y暂不支持\varointclockwise_{C} 7^x\, \mathrm{d}x + e^y\, \mathrm{d}y
暂不支持\ointctrclockwise_{C} 7^x\, \mathrm{d}x + e^y\, \mathrm{d}y∯S fdA∯_{S} \,f\mathrm{d}A∯_{S}\,f\mathrm{d}A
∰E fdV∰_{E}\,f\mathrm{d}V∰_{E}\,f\mathrm{d}V⋂1np\bigcap_1^{n} p\bigcap_1^{n} p
⋃1kp\bigcup_1^{k} p\bigcup_1^{k} p

23.分数、矩阵与多行列式

符号语法符号语法
24=0.5\frac{2}{4}=0.5\frac{2}{4}=0.5a+ba−b\frac{a+b}{a-b}\frac{a+b}{a-b}
24=0.5\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.52c+2d+24=a\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} = a\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} = a
24=0.52c+2d+24=a\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d + \dfrac{2}{4}}} = a\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d + \dfrac{2}{4}}} = a

(nr)=(nn−r)=Cnr=Cnn−r\dbinom{n}{r}=\binom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}

(nn−r,n2r1,a−bc+d,(n0)+(n1))\begin{pmatrix} &&n \\ n - r, & n^2 r_1, & a-bc+d, & {n \choose 0} + {n \choose 1} \end{pmatrix}

(nr)=(nn−r)=Cnr=Cnn−r\tbinom{n}{r}=\tbinom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}

(nr)=(nn−r)=Cnr=Cnn−r\binom{n}{r}=\dbinom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}

xyzv\begin{matrix}x & y \\z & v\end{matrix}

∣xyzv∣\begin{vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{vmatrix}

∥xyzv∥\begin{Vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Vmatrix}

[0⋯0⋮⋱⋮0⋯0]\begin{bmatrix}0 & \cdots & 0 \\\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\0 & \cdots & 0\end{bmatrix}

{xyzv}\begin{Bmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Bmatrix}

(xyzv)\begin{pmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{pmatrix}

(abcd)\bigl( \begin{smallmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{smallmatrix} \bigr)

f(n)={n2,if n is even,3n+1,if n is odd.\begin{align*} f(n) = \begin{cases} \frac{n}{2}, & \text{if } n \text{ is even}, \\ 3n+1, & \text{if } n \text{ is odd}. \end{cases} \end{align*}

f(x)=(m+n)2=m2+2mn+n2\begin{align*}f(x) & = (m+n)^2 \\& = m^2+2mn+n^2 \\\end{align*}

36n+3+46n+3≡(33)2n+1+(43)2n+1≡272n+1+642n+1≡272n+1+(−27)2n+1≡272n+1−272n+1≡0(mod91)\begin{align*}3^{6n+3}+4^{6n+3} & \equiv (3^3)^{2n+1}+(4^3)^{2n+1}\\& \equiv 27^{2n+1}+64^{2n+1}\\& \equiv 27^{2n+1}+(-27)^{2n+1}\\& \equiv 27^{2n+1}-27^{2n+1}\\& \equiv 0 \pmod{91}\\\end{align*}

z=af(x,y,z)=x+y+z\begin{array}{lcr} \\ &z = a \\ &f(x,y,z) = x + y + z\end{array}

{3x+5y+z7x−2y+4z−6x+3y+2z\begin{cases}3x + 5y + z \\7x - 2y + 4z \\-6x + 3y + 2z\end{cases}

abS001011101110\begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a & b & S \\0&0&1\\0&1&1\\1&0&1\\1&1&0\\\end{array}

abcd\begin{array}{cc}a & b \\c & d\end{array}

abcdefghi\def\arraystretch{1.5} \begin{array}{c:c:c} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array}

aif bcif d}⇒…\begin{rcases}a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d\end{rcases}⇒…

24.声调变音符号

符号语法符号语法符号语法
a˙\dot{a}\dot{a}a¨\ddot{a}\ddot{a}aˊ\acute{a}\acute{a}
aˋ\grave{a}\grave{a}aˇ\check{a}\check{a}a˘\breve{a}\breve{a}
a~\tilde{a}\tilde{a}aˉ\bar{a}\bar{a}a^\hat{a}\hat{a}
a^\widehat{a}\widehat{a}a⃗\vec{a}\vec{a}ac~\widetilde{ac}\widetilde{ac}
X‾\underline{X}\underline{X}g˚\mathring{g}\mathring{g}

25.字体

样式语法
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\mathbf{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\mathbf{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}\mathbf{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}
0123456789\mathbf{0123456789}\mathbf{0123456789}
ABΓΔEZHΘIKΛ\boldsymbol{AB\Gamma\Delta EZH\Theta I K\Lambda}\boldsymbol{AB\Gamma\Delta EZH\Theta I K\Lambda}
MNΞΠPΣTΥΦXΨΩ\boldsymbol{MN\Xi\Pi P\Sigma T\Upsilon\Phi X\Psi\Omega}\boldsymbol{MN\Xi\Pi P\Sigma T\Upsilon\Phi X\Psi\Omega}
αβγδϵζηθικλμν\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu}\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu}
ξπρστυϕχψωεϝ\boldsymbol{\xi\pi\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega\varepsilon\digamma}\boldsymbol{\xi\pi\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega\varepsilon\digamma}
ϰϖϱςϑφ\boldsymbol{\varkappa\varpi\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi}\boldsymbol{\varkappa\varpi\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi}
0123456789\mathit{0123456789}\mathit{0123456789}
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\mathrm{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}\mathrm{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}
0123456789\mathrm{0123456789}\mathrm{0123456789}
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\mathfrak{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}\mathfrak{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}
0123456789\mathfrak{0123456789}\mathfrak{0123456789}
abcdefghijklm\scriptstyle\text{abcdefghijklm}\scriptstyle\text{abcdefghijklm}

26.空格换行符

示例语法介绍
Mr. LaTeXMr.~LaTeXMr.~LaTeX避免在两行之间断开
aba \qquad ba \qquad b2em2em宽
aba\quad ba\quad b1em1em宽
a ba\ ba\ b13em\frac{1}{3}em宽
a  ba\; ba\; b27em\frac{2}{7}em宽
a ba\, ba\, b16em\frac{1}{6}em宽
ababab
a ⁣ba\! ba\! b缩进16em\frac{1}{6}em宽
aba\hspace{1cm}ba\hspace{1cm}b自定义距离
aba\hspace{1em}ba\hspace{1em}b自定义距离
aba \hspace{-.1cm} ba \hspace{-.1cm} b自定义距离
aba \hspace{-.1em} b$a \hspace{-.1em} b$自定义距离